Method of making molds for steel castings



if. u. BEARDSLE Y-AND w.- F. PlPER. METHOD OF MAKING (10103503 .sTEEL CASTINGS.

I APPLICATION FILED JAN- 29. 1919- 1,309,834.

Patented July 15,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

E. O. BEARDSLEY AND W. F.'P|PER..

METHOD 0F MAKING M OLDS FOR SIEE-i. CAS'TINGS APPLICATION FILED JAN- 29. 1919.

Patented July 15, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

illlllln.

UNITED str 'rEs PATE 11,,orr1on.

ELMER QJBEABDs'LEY, or carcass; AND WAL ER n i ifr irza', annex-1m ILLINOIS.

' METHOD or MAKme MOLDS ron STEEL cAs'rInGs.

ToaZZ whom. it may concern Be it known that we, ELMER (l. BEARDS- LEY and WALTER F. PIPER, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Chicago,

in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,

and Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Making-Molds for SteelCasb ing's, of which the following is a full, clear; and exact description.

The mven'tionrelates to making molds for I 7 steel castings.

It has heretofore been proposed to make sand molds for founding by dropping wads of sand or projecting them forcibly into a mold, but, so far as we are aware, no apparatus or method of this type heretofore known has ever been adapted to-produce good molds adapted for making steel castings.

The object ofthe present inventionis to provide an improved method of making molds for steel castings by which the work of filling the molds is greatly facilitated and the cost of production greatly reduced, as

well as eli'ectingavery important saving in time consumed in making and uniformity of quality of'the mold so that wastage in or defective castings. will be. avoided.-

In practice, we have discovered that a sand mold which is adapted for making I steel castings can be formed by projecting the sand into the molds if it is done with the requisite regularity and force to suiiiciently and uniformly 'clensify the molding material in the flasks.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter-setforth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

Appar'atus that is adapted for the practire of the present method isshown in the accompanying drawings in which; Figure 1 is a side elevation of molding apparatus em bodying theinvention. Fig. 2 is a plan.

'Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line ills-3 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3" is a detail of the upper con- -veyer. and riddle operating mechanism.

.Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 1.431? Fig.

Y c. Fig. 5 is'a plan of the ramming head;

Fig. 6 is a vertical axial section of the ramming head Fig. 7 is a perspective of the rotor. Fig. 8 IS a section taken on line S8 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented uly Application filed January 29, 1919. Serial No. 273,862.

of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is asection through the journaled for horizontal rotation, a tubular jib 12 which has a socket 13, around the post 11. Anti-friction bearings 13" are provided to permit tree and easy lateral movement of the jib. An arm 1 L is pivoted'to the distal end'of the jib so that it and the ramming head sustained thereby can be swung horizontally, relatively to the jib. The pivotal connection between the arm and the jib consists of a hollow bracket 15 and a post 16 which is fixed to the jib 12 and mounted in. anti-friction bearings 17 in said bracket. The casing 20 of an electric motor 21 is bolted, as at 22, to one side of the bracket 15.

A yoke comprising a hub 28 which isv fixed and clamped. as at 27, to the sleeve 23,

and arms 28 which have outwardly extending members 29 supports the casing or stator of the ramming head. prises an arcuate wall 30 and anouter side wall 31. This casing is secured to the yoke by bolt-and-slot connections 32 and setscrews 33 which are threaded to lugs 34.

A conveyer chute 37 containing a suitable sieve or riddle 38 is supported from the jib 12 by resilient bars 39 which have their ends respectively secured to the jib and to the chute. The inner end of chute 37 is adapted to receive sand from a suitable source of supply, such as a hopper 40-to-which sand ill be ted in any desired manner. The

outer end of chute 37 discharges into theupper opencnd of an inclined chute 35 which.

This casing com- 'mounted on said bracket and a pinion on the strait oi? said motor meshes with a gear 4% which operates the shaft l3 and eccentric ,etZ'. This mechanism serves to shake the ot" the ramming head.

chute and the riddle to cause it to disintegrate the'sand and to discharge it re nlarly and continuously into the upper end of the chute which is inclined sutiiciently to cause the sand to low lengthwise thereof and be discharged into the ramming head continuously by gravity, This construction exemplifies mechanism for feeding sand to the ramminghead in which the chute on the outer arm is'rigid therewith, so that no shak ing mechanism for said chute is necessary.

The chute 35, as more clearl seen in Figs. 3 and 8 discharges into the open side The centrifugal force has a, tendency to suck the sand into the ramming head-instead t sputtering it ou wardly by centrifugal force. as occurs when the sand is delivered to the periphery of the rotor. '.l.he-roto1- is adapted to receive the sand at the open side of the head and to project it downwardly into the mold. The rotor comprises a b10350 and a cylindrical body integral with the hub and secured to shaft an inclined wide-flange which is flared inwardly from the periphery of the inner side of the cylindrical body 51 and directs the sand onto thebody 51. The guide-flange 52 is formed as'a ring and is bolted to said bod asat A. curved outwardly extending bed 54 integral with the rotor body. is adapted to support the projector blade Said blade is curved to fit the bed and is proridedvwith an inner side wall which has a curved ci'lge 5'7 and is adapted to function as a positive cut-oil for the sand; so that. as thccrotor rcvolw inn". the walled-will shear a'j'nu'timrot the sand lifil lllfcl from the lower end of the elude tron. tho sand inthe chute. The rotor is (.)I'llll(-!l 'hte'd. as at 5 to balance the projector bhade-and' its bed 5- and cause therotor to run evenlr at a very high speed. lihcn "the rotoris o ierutcd at a high speed.- iijs curi'cd base and centrifugal force cause the wad otsand' which has been sc 'mrated' from the supply in the chute to wedge and impact itself in the corner betwcon the outer end of the plate and arc-uate wall oi the casing. as shown in Fig.3, so that th on. wind reaches the point. of dishigh speed rotor and to .nte into the flash.

packed into a proper mass for projection into the mold. This construction of. rannning head is peculiarly adapted for high speed operation. such as has been found l18(.- Sill to form good molds for steel castings.

A protective housing; 01. which out of contact with the rotor. is suspended from the extensions 29 of the supporting yoke. 1t desirableto have the head as open as possible to avoidatnmspheric resistance to the have as short and rapid an operative stroke of the ranuner blade as possible. since otherwise excessive power would be necessary to'operate the rotor. l? or this purpose. the inner side of the stator is open and the stator or casing begins at a point shortly before the projector blade reaches the incoming sand stream from chute and terminates at ('30. where the wad will be discharged truly downward into the mold. The wall 64. of the protective housing is disposed in offse relation with respect to the discharge point 60. A three sided wear-plate is secured in the housing. A handle 71 is secured to the ramming head. whereby the operator can easily move the head laterally to distribute the projected -sand to all portions of the mold.

In making: molds for steel castings, the projector blade is driven so as to have a pcripheral speed ranging approximately from 7000 to 8000 feet per minute. This speed may be attained. for example. by having a projector blade with its outer end 83 inches from the axle of the rotor and driving the rotor at a speed ranging approximately from 1600 to 1800 revolutions per minute. This will impart to the wads of sand. which are sheared from the stream which is sup- 10 plied to the projector at the rate of approxiinatelr ten. cubic feet per minute. a. velocity approximating 7000 to 8000 teet per minute. and will project 1600 tic-1800 wads per minprojector blade and centrifugal force. while the wads are in transit through the stator, will compact or density the wa (ls. The operator will iminipulate the ramming head laterally to distribute the wads to fill portions of the flask. The movement of the head is truly lateral so the angle of delii'cr'y ot' the sand into the niold does not. vary. Thisv results in even density otlhemold.

The action of the curved 119 In practice. we have discovered that molds 120 made in accordance with the present method. will be ad aptcd for steel castings, will boot unitorm density and quality, and can be produced with much greater rapidity than has; been possible by hand-filling. been able, with thc-present'method, to fill and pack molds of good and uniform quality for steel castings eight times as fast as has loeen done by hand.v

Wc have r tricted to the precise practice set forth, and may 'be'varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Hav ng thus described the invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is

at a velocity of not less than approximately 7000 feet per minute; v

2. That improvement in making molds for steel founding which consists in projecting 'densifiecl'wads of material into a. mold at a velocity not -less than approximately 7000 feet per minute.

3. That improvement in making molds for steel castings which consists in shearing transversely wads of sand from a substantially continuous stream and projecting them into the molds at a velocity approximately not less than 7000 feet per minute.

4. That improvement in making molds for steel castings which consists in feeding sand in a stream to a projector at the rate of over eight cubic feet per minute, shearing the sand into wads, and projecting the wads into a flask at a velocity of not less than approximately 7000 feet per minute.

ELMER o. BEARDSLEY, WALTER F. PIPER. 

